【作 者】：
汪维富， 毛美娟， 闫寒冰
【关 键 词 】：
听评课； 精准教研； 数据赋能； 反馈； 课堂观察
【栏 目】：
学科建设与教师发展
【中文摘要】：
听评课在一线教研中占据重要地位，但学界忽视了对评课反馈文本的分析与应用，而数据赋能驱动的精准教研为创新听评课带来新视角，促使听评课实践从粗放式的经验型转向循证式的精准型转变。为解决教师评课反馈文本的精准化分析问题，研究通过文献综述、理论建构、专家调查与真实数据印证等多种方法，设计与开发了“两型六维四级”样式的评课反馈分析模型，即包括指导与促进两种类型的反馈倾向，涵盖处方、情报、质询、阐释、启示、支持等六个反馈维度，以及清晰、精准、解析、方略等四级反馈特征。研究发现，该模型对于分析评课反馈文本具有较强的可操作性、引导性、通用性，未来可用于引导教师规范评课反馈行为、评估与诊断教师听评课成效以及作为听评课信息系统研发的智力支架。
【英文摘要】：
Classroom observation and commentary plays an important role in the frontline teaching and research, but the researchers ignore the analysis and application of its feedback texts. Data-empowered precision teaching and research, however, brings a new perspective on innovative classroom observation and commentary, and promotes the transformation of classroom observation and commentary from extensive experience to evidence-based precision. To solve the problem of accurate analysis of teachers commentary feedback texts, the study has designed and developed an analysis model through literature review, theoretical construction, expert investigation and real data verification. This model includes two types of feedback tendencies (guidance and facilitation), six dimensions of feedback (prescription, intelligence, inquiry, explanation, revelation and support) and four levels of feedback characteristics (clarity, precision, analysis and strategy). It is found that this model has good operability, guidance and universality for analyzing the feedback texts of classroom commentary, which can be used to guide teachers to standardize the feedback behavior of classroom commentary, evaluate and diagnose the effectiveness of classroom observation and commentary, and serve as an intellectual scaffold for the development of information system of classroom observation and commentary.