【作 者】：
李建珍， 李东明
【关 键 词 】：
数字技术； 义务教育； 乡村教育； 教育均衡； 教育高质量发展
【栏 目】：
教育数字化
【中文摘要】：
城乡义务教育一体化发展是党中央、国务院促进教育公平和教育事业协调发展的重大决策。2021年底，尽管全国2895个县级行政单位均通过了国家义务教育基本均衡发展督导评估，但是乡村地区仍存在师生流失、学校萎缩、教育教学条件相对滞后、教育资源配置不足等问题。文章通过文献和调查研究，分析了城乡义务教育一体化演进中存在的问题，并在数字技术赋能机理分析的基础上，主要针对城乡义务教育一体化发展中政策落实不到位、教育质量低下、乡村教师专业发展薄弱、工学矛盾和数字鸿沟等根本性问题，从教育数字化政策的顶层设计、结对帮扶、国家和地方中小学智慧教育平台应用、以校为本的教师培训、智能终端和数字化教学辅助工具完善等层面，提出了数字技术赋能城乡义务教育一体化发展的路径。
【英文摘要】：
The integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education is a major decision made by the Party Central Committee and the State Council to promote educational equity and the coordinated development of education. By the end of 2021, although 2,895 county-level administrative units across China have passed the national supervision and evaluation of the basic balanced development of compulsory education, there are still problems in rural areas such as loss of teachers and students, shrinking of schools, relatively lagging educational and teaching conditions, and insufficient allocation of educational resources. Through literature and survey, this paper analyzes the evolution and existing problems of the integration of urban and rural compulsory education. Based on the analysis of the mechanism of digital technology empowerment, this paper mainly focuses on the fundamental problems in the integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education, such as incomplete implementation of policies, the low quality of education, the weak professional development of rural teachers, the contradiction between work and study, and the digital divide. From the top-level design of educational digitization policies, paired assistance, application of national and local smart education platforms for primary and secondary schools, school-based teacher training, improvement of intelligent terminals and digital teaching aids, the integrated development path of urban and rural compulsory education empowered by digital technology is proposed.