【作 者】：
张帅正， 陈 鹏
【关 键 词 】：
国家智慧教育平台； 政企合作； 技术嵌入； 资源整合； 类型化治理
【栏 目】：
教育数字化
【中文摘要】：
国家智慧教育平台面临“政府主导”与“企业参与”之间的张力。经由普遍的政企合作，企业对国家智慧教育平台运行的多个维度产生实质影响。为正确评估与应对政企合作，有必要对其进行类型化阐释。从实证视角出发，国家智慧教育平台的属性是数字平台，政府虽掌握平台建设主权，却难以大幅提供平台运维所需的数字技术与教育数据资源，需要广泛开展政企合作。围绕技术与教育数据资源，政企合作呈现技术嵌入型与资源整合型两种类型。技术嵌入型政企合作中，技术要素重塑了权威结构的存在逻辑，导致平台承载的国家教育权出现一定行权障碍；资源整合型政企合作中，“深层链接”的隐蔽性和智慧教育平台的可信赖外观易引发责任主体混淆争议。为此，应基于适应性治理，区分已知风险和未知风险，从而在事前、事中、事后环节调控风险结果；赋予国家智慧教育平台必要的行为义务，即以提示义务增强“深层链接”的公开性，以注意义务维护用户的合理信赖。
【英文摘要】：
The National Smart Education Platform faces tensions between "government leadership" and "enterprise participation". Through widespread government-enterprise collaboration, enterprises exert substantial impacts on the operation of the platform in many dimensions. To properly evaluate and address government-enterprise collaboration, it is necessary to provide a typological interpretation of them. From an empirical perspective, the National Smart Education Platform is essentially a digital platform,and although the government holds the sovereignty of platform construction, it is difficult to provide the digital technology and educational data resources required for its operations and maintenance, so it is necessary to carry out extensive government-enterprise collaboration. Around technology and educational data resources, government-enterprise collaboration presents two types of cooperation: the technology-embedded type and the resource- integrated type. In the technology-embedded type of government-enterprise collaboration, technological elements have reshaped the underlying logic of authoritative structures, resulting in certain constraints for the state's educational authority as exercised through the platform. In the resource-integrated type, the covert nature of "deep links" and the trustworthy appearance of the platform are prone to trigger disputes over the confusion of accountable parties. In this regard, adaptive governance should be applied to distinguish between known risks and unknown risks, thereby regulating the risk outcomes before, during, and after the event. Impose necessary behavioral obligations on the National Smart Education Platform, namely, enhance the transparency of "deep linking" through the duty of disclosure, and safeguard users' reasonable reliance through the duty of care.