【作 者】：
景玉慧，余城青，王培均，沈书生
【关 键 词 】：
美国； 主动学习空间； 关键特征； 表征形态； 变革方略
【栏 目】：
历史与国际比较
【中文摘要】：
主动学习空间作为主动学习发生的必要支持条件，其有效变革是推动学习高质量发展的前提。文章采用多案例研究法，通过分析美国主动学习空间项目，揭示与呈现了主动学习空间变革的理路：首先，内涵特征方面，主动学习空间是以教室为辐射中心的新型校园空间，包括教室、通道、室外和孪生空间，具有去中心化、模块结构、分布联结、贯通校园、虚实镜像、复合功能六大特征。其次，表征形态方面，空间布局从教室内的灵活复合型布局，延展至融合校园的虚实联通型布局，呈现出复合与联通的全域校园结构。技术表征包括学习通路技术的组件式灵活搭配和学习展区技术的模块式分布联结，呈现出灵活与分布式联结的技术结构。最后，具体方略方面，思路上，秉承教学与空间双向赋能的设计；形态上，以校园为视点打造全域空间；功能上，以具身参与来增强学习体验；价值上，以主动学习靶向21世纪技能。以期为我国主动学习空间的高质量变革提供镜鉴。
【英文摘要】：
As a necessary support condition for active learning, the effective change of active learning space is a prerequisite for promoting the development of high quality learning. This paper adopts a multi-case study method to reveal and present the trajectory of active learning space transformation by analyzing the active learning space project in the United States. First, in terms of its characteristics, an active learning space is a new type of campus space centered around the classroom, encompassing classrooms, corridors, outdoor spaces, and twin spaces, with six key features: decentralization, modular structure, distributed connectivity, campus-wide integration, virtual-physical mirroring, and multifunctionality. Second, in terms of its morphology, the spatial layout extents from the flexible, composite layouts within the classroom to a virtual-physical connected layout of the integrated campus, displaying a composite and interconnected whole-campus structure. The technical representations include the flexible matching of components of the learning pathway technology and the modular distribution of the learning exhibition technology, presenting a flexible and distributed technology structure. Finally, in terms of specific strategies, the guiding principle emphasizes a design that mutually empowers both pedagogy and space. Morphologically, the focus is on creating a comprehensive campus space, and functionally, embodied participation is prioritized to enhance the learning experience. In terms of value, the target of active learning is aligned with 21st-century skills. This paper aims to provide insights for the high-quality transformation of active learning spaces in China.