【作 者】：
李 运 福
【关 键 词 】：
人工智能； 高等教育评价； 人机协同； 自我评价； 制度创新
【栏 目】：
教育数字化
【中文摘要】：
深化教育评价改革是推动教育综合改革，加快建设高质量教育体系，实现教育强国战略目标的重要牵引力。充分发挥新一代人工智能技术优势，推动高等教育评价改革是人工智能赋能行动的重要任务。文章以活动理论为基础，从评价主体的协同性改革、评价客体的适应性改革、评价工具的创新性改革、评价原则的突破性改革等四个方面构建了人工智能赋能高等教育评价改革的分析框架。以此为基础，将现有国际研究对人工智能赋能高等教育评价的关键要素概括为三个方面：科学研制评估指标是充分发挥人工智能评估主体作用，实现人机协同评估的重要前提；多模态数据深度分析是充分发挥人工智能优势，推动评估方法创新的重要举措；完善相关标准、制度或规则是推动人工智能赋能高等教育评价改革持续发展的重要保障。以此为鉴，为更好地发挥人工智能技术优势，我国应在以下五个方面深化教育评价改革：完善制度规范，保障评价活动公平有序；优化指标体系，科学牵引高等教育改革；升级数字底座，全面普及数字教育形态；强化自评能力，保障技术赋能改革效度；注重文化培育，推动技术与制度协同创新。
【英文摘要】：
Deepening the reform of educational evaluation is an important driving force for promoting comprehensive education reform, accelerating the construction of a high-quality education system, and achieving the strategic goal of building a strong education country. Fully leveraging the advantages of the new generation of artificial intelligence technology and promoting the reform of higher education evaluation is an important task of AI- enabled action. Based on activity theory, this paper constructs an analytical framework for empowering higher education evaluation reform with artificial intelligence from four aspects: collaborative reform of evaluation subjects, adaptive reform of evaluation objects, innovative reform of evaluation tools, and breakthrough reform of evaluation principles. Taking this framework as a reference, the key elements of existing international research on AI-enabled higher education evaluation can be summarized into three aspects: the scientific development of evaluation indicators is an important prerequisite for fully leveraging the role of artificial intelligence as an evaluation subject and achieving human-machine collaborative evaluation; the deep analysis of multimodal data is an important initiative to fully leverage the advantages of artificial intelligence and promote innovation of evaluation methods; improving relevant standards, systems or rules is an important guarantee to promoting the sustainable development of AI-enabled higher education evaluation reform. Taking this as a lesson, in order to better leverage the advantages of artificial intelligence technology, the reform of education evaluation in the following aspects needs to be deepeded in China: improve institutional norms to ensure the fairness and order of evaluation activities; optimize the indicator system and scientifically drive higher education reform; upgrade the digital base and comprehensively popularize digital education forms; strengthen the self-evaluation ability and ensure the effectiveness of technology-enabled reform; emphasize cultural cultivation and promote collaborative innovation of technology and institutions.