【作 者】：
魏 非，杨淑婷，郑珊珊
【关 键 词 】：
数字化学习； 数字化学习材料； 线索设计； 学习结果； 促进机理； 学习场景
【栏 目】：
网络教育
【中文摘要】：
数字化学习已经成为当下主流的学习方式。线索是数字化学习材料的构成要素之一，是影响数字化学习效果的重要因素。然而，现有研究对于线索在引导学生注意力、降低认知负荷和提高学习结果方面的成效和理路尚未达成一致意见。为进一步探寻线索促进数字化学习的机理及适用场景，研究运用元分析方法，对国内外数字化学习材料中线索设计与应用的实证研究进行量化分析。结果表明：在数字化学习材料中加入线索，对注意力和学习结果都有显著促进作用，但对认知负荷没有显著影响。同时研究发现，线索设计成效受到线索类型、数字化学习材料类型、学科类别、学习者学段等因素的影响。最后，研究分析了线索对学习者认知加工和深度学习的作用机理，并基于调节效应分析结果探讨了线索的适用场景。
【英文摘要】：
Digital learning has become the mainstream method of learning nowadays. Clue, one of the essential components of digital learning materials, is an important factor affecting the effectiveness of digital learning. However, existing studies have not yet reached a consensus on the effectiveness and rationale of clues in guiding students' attention, reducing their cognitive load and improving their learning outcomes. In order to further explore the mechanism and applicable scenarios of clues promoting digital learning, this study employs meta-analysis to quantitatively analyze empirical studies on the design and application of clues in digital learning materials at home and abroad. The results show that incorporating clues into digital learning materials has a significant positive effect on both attention and learning outcomes, but has no significant effect on cognitive load. It is also found that the effectiveness of clue design is influenced by the type of clues, the type of digital materials, the subject category, and the learners' educational stage. Finally, the study analyses the mechanism of clues on learners' cognitive processing and deep learning, and explores the applicable scenarios of clues based on the results of moderating effect analysis.