【作 者】：
冯友梅，王昕怡，温 佳，王壮伟，颜士刚
【关 键 词 】：
信息科技课程； 计算思维； 目标体系； 多层进阶式； 知识结构九水平分类体系
【栏 目】：
课程与教学
【中文摘要】：
计算思维是重要的信息科技学科核心素养，但面向计算思维的结构化教学体系尚未形成。经分析，计算思维目标体系的缺失是其直接原因。鉴于此，文章以“知识与思维内在统一”为基本立场，将计算思维转换为与其内在统一的知识结构——计算思维二维描述框架，并设计知识结构水平的判断标准——知识结构九水平分类体系。在此基础上，给出二者相结合的计算思维目标体系设计方案并结合实例详解：首先，将计算思维二维描述框架中的要素逐层分解以保证各教学单位均有其聚焦的计算思维要素；而后，以知识结构九水平分类体系为依据，形成纵向上层层细化、横向上计算思维（知识）结构水平不断提升的计算思维多层进阶式目标体系。该目标体系设计方案可结束信息科技课程内容教学与计算思维教学两条线的尴尬局面，使计算思维在与课程内容融合统一的教学路径中真正落地。
【英文摘要】：
Computational thinking is an important core competence in information technology discipline, but a structured teaching system for computational thinking has not yet been formed. Through analysis, it is found that the lack of an target system for computational thinking is the direct cause. In view of this, this paper takes "the internal unity of knowledge and thinking" as the basic standpoint, converts computational thinking into a knowledge structure, a two-dimensional descriptive framework of computational thinking, and designs the judgment standard of knowledge structure, a nine-level classification system of knowledge structure. On this basis, the design scheme of computational thinking target system combining the two is given and explained in detail with examples. Firstly, the elements in the two-dimensional descriptive framework of computational thinking are decomposed layer by layer to ensure that each teaching unit has its own focus on the elements of computational thinking. Then, based on the nine-level classification system of knowledge structure, a multi-level progressive target system of computational thinking is formed, which is vertically refined layer by layer and is horizontally upgraded in the level of computational thinking (knowledge) structure. This design scheme can end the embarrassing situation between content teaching and computational thinking in information technology curriculum, so that computational thinking can be truly realized in the teaching approach that is integrated and unified with the content of the course.