【作 者】：
张 迪， 聂竹明， 王 璐， 施羽晗
【关 键 词 】：
学校教育数字化； 智慧学校； 未来三角法； 未来学校； 智能技术
【栏 目】：
教育数字化
【中文摘要】：
智慧学校是学校教育数字化转型的重要抓手，更是开辟智能时代未来学校发展的主要赛道。当前智慧学校出现的“效益产出不明显”“教师技术疏离”等问题阻碍了学校教育数字化的有效推进。研究从校长在智慧学校建设与应用中扮演的重要角色出发，探索数字化在学校环境、教与学、管理等层面的现实应用。首先，研究采用未来三角法设计研讨主题与过程，以获取校长对智慧学校建设的历史重力、当前推力以及未来拉力三个层面的感知。其次，研究基于扎根理论分析了96位中小学校长的访谈文本内容，剖析三种“力”的证据线索与范畴内涵。最后，基于校长的理性预见，研究提出未来学校教育数字化发展进路应聚焦于“数字场景与文化内容共同彰显”的智慧环境、由“知识学习”通达“思维创新”的智慧教学、更加关注学生“个性化发展”的智慧学习以及“家—校—社”协同参与的智慧管理四个层面，从而以更具温度的数字化驱动学校更好地发展。
【英文摘要】：
Smart school is an important lever for digital transformation of school education, and it is also the main track for the future development of schools in the intelligent era. The current problems such as "unclear efficiency outputs" and "teachers' technological alienation" in smart schools hinder the effective promotion of digitalization of school education. Starting from the important role played by principals in the construction and application of smart schools, this study explores the practical application of digitalization in school environment, teaching and learning, and management. Firstly, the study adopts the future triangle method to design the discussion theme and process, so as to obtain the principal's perceptions of the three dimensions of historical gravity, current push, and future pull of smart school construction. Secondly, based on the grounded theory, the study analyzes the interviews of 96 primary and secondary school principals, and analyzes the evidence clues and category connotations of the three "forces". Finally, based on the principals' rational foresight, this paper proposes that the digital development of school education in the future should focus on four aspects to drive better development of the school with digitization: a smart environment where "digital scenes and cultural content are jointly manifested", a smart teaching where "knowledge learning" leads to "thinking innovation", a smart learning that pays more attention to students' "personalized development", and an intelligent management where "homes, schools and communities" cooperatively participate.