【作 者】：
李 芒， 杨宇轩
【关 键 词 】：
教育技术； 卡脖子； 教育需要； 适应性； 供需失配
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
当前，教育技术不合用、不好用的现象比较突出，反映出“卡脖子”现象亦存在于教育技术之中。“卡脖子”在教育技术领域的基本特征主要体现为技术垄断、工具落后、供需失配和应用无措。为解决教育技术领域中的“卡脖子”问题，从现象与问题探究出发，深度研讨人工智能教育应用、课堂教学、分离式教学中的“卡脖子”现状，发现“卡脖子”原因在于教学工具开发者开发水平不足、研究者对教育与技术的关系认识不清、教育者对教育技术应用能力不够。因此，必须明确技术对教育的适应性，从教育需要出发，立足现有工具水平，最大限度发挥工具作用以解决教育问题，从而才能真正走出“卡脖子”困境。
【英文摘要】：
Currently, the phenomenon of educational technology not being suitable for use and not being well used is relatively prominent, reflecting that the phenomenon of "bottleneck" also exists in educational technology. The basic characteristics of "bottleneck" in educational technology are mainly manifested in technological monopoly, backward tools, mismatch between supply and demand and improper use. To solve this problem, starting from the exploration of phenomena and problems, this paper deeply discusses the current situation of "bottleneck" in the application of artificial intelligence in education, classroom teaching and separated teaching. It is found that the reasons for the "bottleneck" lie in the insufficient development level of the developers of teaching tools, the researchers' unclear understanding of the relationship between education and technology, and the insufficient ability of educators to use educational technology. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the adaptability of technology to education, and to start from the needs of education, based on the level of existing tools, maximize the role of tools to solve educational problems, so as to truly get out of the "bottleneck" dilemma.