【作 者】：
孔 苏， 于金申
【关 键 词 】：
未来学校； 未来学； 方法论； 学校变革； 本体论
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
未来学校研究的重点包括未来学校的概念、发展过程及其与社会的关系。在研究动机上，已有成果主要呈现技术驱动和未来需求，忽视对学校本体的审视，缺少对学校合法性的关注。在研究方法上，已有研究主要是采用学校变革方法，正在兴起的未来学方法还未被重视，学校变革方法和未来学方法并行应用的格局还未形成。针对以上问题，文章首先回顾未来学校研究的学术史，指出未来学校作为观念存在，立足教学并与社会发展紧密相关；继而提出未来学校的本体内涵主要包括师生的主体间性和社会化场域；再追问未来学校的研究方法；最后明确未来学校研究应当具有方法论意识、复杂意识和本土意识。方法论旨在应用方法的适切，复杂意识旨在多向度思维，本土意识旨在聚焦中国特色。
【英文摘要】：
The focus of future school research includes the concept of future school, its development process and its relationship with society. In terms of research motivation, the existing achievements mainly present technology-driven and future needs, neglecting the examination of the ontology of schools and lacking attention to the legitimacy of the school. In terms of research methodology, the existing research mainly uses the school reform approach, the emerging futurology approach has not yet been emphasized, and the pattern of parallel application of the school reform approach and futurology approach has not yet formed. In response to the above issues, this paper firstly reviews the academic history of future school research, pointing out that the future school, existing as a concept, is based on teaching and learning and closely related to social development. Then it proposes that the ontological connotation of the future school mainly includes the intersubjectivity of teachers and students and the socialized field. It then asks about the research methodology of the future school, and finally clarifies that the research on the future school should have methodological awareness, complexity awareness and local awareness. Methodology aims at the appropriateness of applied methods, complexity awareness aims at multi-directional thinking, and local awareness aims at focusing on Chinese characteristics.