【作 者】：
沈 阳， 纪海林， 叶心怡， 孟启帆， 骆岩林
【关 键 词 】：
虚拟现实； 沉浸式学习； 人机交互； 力反馈技术； 物理实验教学
【栏 目】：
课程与教学
【中文摘要】：
传统物理实验教学存在实验器材受限、教学内容枯燥、学生参与度不足等困境。基于虚拟现实技术（以下简称VR）的沉浸式学习以学生为主体，提供沉浸式、交互性及可复用性的学习体验，可以很好地突破当前传统实验教学的瓶颈。针对当前虚拟学习环境中较为普遍的临场感缺乏和交互体验受限等问题，研究重点关注沉浸式学习中人机交互技术应用和学习者的力/触觉体验对实验学习效果的影响。将VR交互技术中的力反馈引入K12物理实验教学场景设计中，通过准实验评估力反馈在沉浸式学习中的应用效果。结果显示，在VR沉浸式学习中，使用力反馈技术可以显著提高学习者的真实感和交互效率，但对知识增益没有产生显著性影响。通过研究，为深入探索沉浸式学习中的人机交互设计、力反馈在科学教育等教学场景的应用及发展适宜性策略等提供借鉴。
【英文摘要】：
Traditional physics experiment teaching suffers from dilemmas such as limited experimental equipment, boring teaching content and insufficient participation of students. Immersive learning based on virtual reality technology (hereinafter referred to as VR) takes students as the main body, provides immersive, interactive and reusable learning experience, and can well break through the bottleneck of the current traditional experiment teaching. Aiming at the common problems such as lack of presence and limited interactive experience in current virtual learning environments, this study focuses on the application of human-computer interaction technology in immersive learning and the impact of the learners' force/tactile experience on experimental learning results. The force feedback in VR interactive technology is introduced into the design of K12 physics experiment teaching scenarios, and the application effect of force feedback in immersive learning is evaluated through quasi-experiment. The results show that in VR immersive learning, the use of force feedback technology can significantly improve the learners' sense of reality and interaction efficiency, but has no significant effect on knowledge gain. Based on the discussion, this study provides references for in-depth exploration of human-computer interaction design in immersive learning, the application of force feedback in teaching scenarios such as science education, and the development of appropriate strategies.