【作 者】：
朱 莎， 李 环， 吴 砥， 郭 庆， 吴永和
【关 键 词 】：
人工智能； 核心素养； 未成年人； 结构模型； 指标体系
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
人工智能（Artificial Intelligence，简称AI）核心素养是未成年人应对智能时代挑战所必须具备的一种综合素养。现有关于未成年人AI核心素养的相关研究较少，缺乏对其价值定位、内涵解读、模型构建、指标确立等方面的深入分析和讨论。文章首先从AI的技术属性、社会属性及其在教育领域的渗透三个方面介绍了AI核心素养的重要价值；然后从知识理解、应用能力、综合性三个视角阐述了未成年人AI核心素养的概念内涵；接着采用文献研究法，提取AI核心素养的关键要素，构建了未成年人AI核心素养结构模型；最后采用频次统计法和德尔菲法，制定了包括5个一级指标和15个二级指标的未成年人AI核心素养指标体系。文章构建的未成年人AI核心素养结构模型及指标体系是未成年人AI技术规范的重要组成部分，有望成为培养未成年人AI核心素养的基准和操作指南以及评价未成年人AI核心素养的重要依据。
【英文摘要】：
The core literacy of artificial intelligence ("AI" for short) is a comprehensive literacy that minors have to possess to cope with the challenges in the intelligent era. There are few relevant studies on AI core literacy for minors, and there is a lack of in-depth analysis and discussion on its value positioning, connotation interpretation, model construction, and indicator establishment. Firstly, this paper introduces the important value of AI core literacy from three aspects: technical attributes, social attributes and its penetration in the field of education. Secondly, the conceptual connotation of AI core literacy for minors is expounded from three perspectives of knowledge understanding, application ability and comprehensiveness. Thirdly, using the literature research method, the key components of AI core literacy are extracted, and a structural model of AI core literacy is constructed for minors. Finally, the AI core literacy index system for minors, including 5 first-level indicators and 15 second-level indicators, is developed by using frequency statistics and Delphi method. The AI core literacy structural model and indicator system constructed in this paper are important parts of AI technical specifications for minors, and are expected to become the benchmark and operational guidelines for cultivating AI core literacy for minors, as well as the important basis for evaluating AI core literacy for minors.