【作 者】：
刘玉萍， 徐学福
【关 键 词 】：
大规模个性化教学； 大数据； 在线教育； 教学制度； 个性化
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
大规模个性化教学的兴起，需要建立制度体系为其提供规制、引导和赋能。基于新制度理论，提出其制度建构需要在价值上倡导个体适应性，在规则上支持群体多元性，在情感取向上强化关怀独特性，在实施过程上强调个体主体性，在评价体系上强调个体成长性，基本构件是学习者中心的制度建构理念、强化学习者主体性的行为规范体系、强调学习过程的教学程序、围绕学习者需求的开放连接组织体系，并从形式逻辑、结构逻辑、层次逻辑和功能逻辑梳理了制度构件间的多向度关系。服务大规模个性化教学的制度生成需要多主体参与制度建设，培养集体性意向；培育教师能力，逐步落实制度功能；通过辅助制度建设，形成协同规则体系；完善间接制度，孕育整体生态。
【英文摘要】：
The emergence of large-scale personalized teaching requires the establishment of an institutional system to provide regulation, guidance and empowerment. Based on the new institutional theory, it is proposed that the institutional structure needs to advocate individual adaptability in terms of value, support group diversity in terms of rules, strengthen the concern uniqueness in terms of emotional orientation, and emphasize individual subjectivity during the implementation and individual growth in terms of evaluation system. The basic building blocks are the concept of learner-centered system construction, the behavior specification system to strengthen learners' subjectivity, the teaching procedure to emphasize the learning process, and the open connection organization system based on learners' needs. In addition, the multi-dimensional relationships among the system components are also sorted out from formal logic, structural logic, hierarchical logic and functional logic. The construction of the large-scale personalized teaching system requires multi-agent participation to cultivate a collective intention. It is necessary to train teachers' ability to implement the institutional function step by step, to form a collaborative rule system through the construction of auxiliary institutions, and to improve the indirect system and nurture the overall ecology.