【作 者】：
杨 刚， 张银荣， 徐佳艳， 曾群芳， 陈 赛
【关 键 词 】：
建模方式； 计算思维； 图形化编程
【栏 目】：
课程与教学
【中文摘要】：
计算思维改变学习者学习其他事物的方式。因此，计算思维的培养成了当前我国中小学编程教育研究的热点问题之一。研究以目前中小学开展编程教育存在的问题为出发点，从理论上探讨了计算思维、计算建模的重要性及其两者的关系。在此基础上构建了计算教学法模式，以这一模式为研究载体，对使用不同建模方式的组别开展编程学习活动，并借助析因分析法、T检验、滞后序列分析法等研究方法对所获得的实验数据进行处理与分析。结果表明：相比于开放式建模方式，支架式建模方式更能够提升学生计算思维的成绩，但是实验组与对照组之间的自我效能感没有显著性差异。另外，在学习行为分析中出现的一些共性问题值得教育研究工作者和一线教师深入思考。
【英文摘要】：
Computational thinking embodies changing the way learners learn other things. Therefore, the cultivation of computational thinking has become one of the hot issues in the current research on programming education in primary and secondary schools in China. Based on the existing problems of programming education in primary and secondary schools, this study theoretically discusses the importance of computational thinking and computational modeling and their relationship. Then, a computational teaching model is constructed, which is used as a research carrier to carry out programming learning activities for groups using different modeling approaches, and the experimental data are processed and analyzed by two-way factorial ANOVA, T-test, lag sequence analysis and other research methods. The results show that, compared with the open modeling approach, the scaffolding modeling approach can improve students' computational thinking performance, but the self-efficacy does not play its due role. In addition, some common problems in the analysis of learning behavior deserve deep consideration by educational researchers and front-line teachers.