【作 者】：
王 琦， 余胜泉， 万海鹏
【关 键 词 】：
适应性学习； 学习资源模型； 内容与结构松耦合
【栏 目】：
学习环境与资源
【中文摘要】：
移动互联网的发展改变了学习发生的形态，学习者可以随时随地按需接入学习，为学习的普及化、个性化带来了机遇，同时也带来了学习资源适应性供给的难题。传统学习资源供给依赖专家预设，其内容固化，无法随需求变化动态调整。泛在学习环境下，学习者的情境和需求日益多元，这不仅要求资源在内容上的适应，同时不同需求适应的学习模式也对内容组织结构提出了要求。因此，实现学习资源的即时、适应性供给成为亟待解决的问题。该研究突破传统学习资源内容与结构耦合设计的局限，提出了“内容”与“结构”松耦合的适应性学习资源模型，一方面设计了资源的内容要素，另一方面定义了动态可计算的结构特征。在模型支持下开发了资源动态供给的系统和服务，根据学习者特征实现资源的适应性设计、生成与供给。研究结果表明，“内容”与“结构”松耦合的学习资源模型及其支撑系统能够为较好地支持适应性学习服务，使学习资源供给走向动态生成，也为适应性学习的研究提供参考。
【英文摘要】：
The development of the mobile internet has changed the way learning happens, allowing learners to access learning on demand anytime and anywhere, which brings opportunities for the ubiquity and personality of learning while makes the adaptive supply of learning resource a challenge. Traditional learning resource provision relies on pre-defined resources by experts, and the content is fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted with the change of demand. In a ubiquitous learning environment, learners' situations and needs are increasingly diversified, requiring not only the adaptation of resources in content, but also the organization of content in response to different learning modes. Therefore, it is an urgent problem to realize the immediate and adaptive supply of learning resources. This study breaks through the limitations of the traditional coupled content and structure design of learning resources and proposes an adaptive learning resource model with loosely coupled "content" and "structure", which on the one hand, the content elements of resources are designed, and on the other hand, dynamic and computable structural features are defined. With the support of the model, a system and service of dynamic resource supply is designed to support the adaptive design, generation and provision of resources based on learners' characteristics. The result shows that the loosely coupled learning resource model and its supporting system could better support adaptive learning services, which makes the learning resource provision generated dynamically and provides a reference for adaptive learning research.