【作 者】：
范佳荣， 钟绍春
【关 键 词 】：
智慧学习； 学科知识图谱； 问题解决； 能力体系； 思维发展
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
技术的发展加速教育进入智慧学习时代，新时代对人的培养提出了新的要求，对于如何以知识为基础或载体发展、转化、升华成学科思维成为学界关注的焦点。文章通过文献分析，提出了以问题为线索的学科知识图谱，并从心理学和哲学视角找寻理论依据，完成对思维内涵及其形成过程的把握；从知识抽取技术、语义链接技术和可视化技术三方面论证学科知识图谱构建的技术可行性。基于此设计了以问题体系为核心，向下回溯知识体系，向上抽象能力体系的学科知识图谱结构模型，提出了基于学科知识图谱的思维发展机制，在揭示知识建构与思维发展关系的基础上，从问题解决触及思维本质，以期为人的培养从知识习得走向思维发展的教育实践提供指导。
【英文摘要】：
The development of technology accelerates education to enter the era of intelligent learning and the new era puts forward new requirements for the cultivation of human being. How to develop, transform and sublimate knowledge-based learning into disciplinary thinking has become the focus of academic circles. Based on literature analysis, this paper puts forward a problem-based subject knowledge map, looks for the theoretical basis from the perspective of psychology and philosophy, and completes the grasp of the connotation of thinking and its formation process. This paper demonstrates the technical feasibility of the construction of subject knowledge map from three aspects: knowledge extraction technology, semantic linking technology and visualization technology. Based on this, a structural model of subject knowledge map is designed, which takes the problem system as the core, retraces back the knowledge system downwards and abstracts the competence system upwards. A thinking development mechanism based on subject knowledge map is proposed. On the basis of revealing the relationship between knowledge construction and thinking development, the essence of thinking is touched from problem solving, with a view to providing guidance for the educational practice of human cultivation from knowledge acquisition to thinking development.