【作 者】：
沈 阳， 王兆雪， 潘俊君， 禹 鹏， 钟 宁
【关 键 词 】：
虚拟现实； 虚拟手术； 技能习得； 力反馈交互； 智能医教
【栏 目】：
学习环境与资源
【中文摘要】：
虚拟现实技术变革传统教育，已经纵深至医学、建筑学等学科领域。文章围绕“知能发展”这一创新人才培养目标，以技能习得为研究主题，通过分析传统医学教育中手术技能习得难以实现的诸多困境，提出虚拟现实技术构建的学习场景能够促进学习绩效提升，并以此开展了实证研究。准实验基于我国自主研发的虚拟手术系统，面向北京航天总医院手术技能培训实验中心的医学临床高年级学生进行。在GOALS评价框架下，探究VR学习环境中，力反馈交互对手术技能习得在深度感知、组织处理能力、双手协调性和手术效率方面的影响。研究表明：加入力反馈交互学习可正向影响手术技能习得。结合数据分析、专家和被试访谈，提出研究启示，为VR智能医教的应用发展提供借鉴。
【英文摘要】：
Virtual reality technology has revolutionized traditional education, which has been extended to such disciplines as medicine and architecture. Focusing on the training goal of "knowledge and ability development" for innovative talents, this paper takes skill acquisition as the research topic. By analyzing many difficulties in the acquisition of surgical skills in traditional medical education, this paper proposes that the learning scenarios constructed by virtual reality technology can facilitate learning performance, and then carries out an empirical study. Based on the virtual surgery system independently developed in China, the quasi-experiment is conducted for senior clinical medical students at the Experimental Centre for surgical skills training of Beijing Aerospace General Hospital. The effects of force-feedback interaction on surgical skill acquisition in terms of in-depth perception, organizational processing ability, hands-on coordination and surgical efficiency are explored in VR learning environment under the GOALS evaluation framework. This study shows that the force feedback interactive learning can positively affect the acquisition of surgical skills. Combined with data analysis and interviews with experts and subjects, the research enlightenment is proposed to provide reference for the application and development of VR intelligent medical education.