【作 者】：
余胜泉， 陈 璠
【关 键 词 】：
智慧教育； 教育服务； 服务生态； 云网融合； 互操作模型； 云计算
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
智慧教育是未来教育的必然趋势，但持续推进教育实现智慧化面临着结构性困境：教育信息系统建设碎片化、统筹建设与分散建设系统的两难困境、智能技术增大维护管理的复杂性、教育信息系统缺乏持续的维护、教育应用动态多变开发难以及校园网络安全性易受挑战等。为应对以上困境，应认识到拥有服务比拥有技术更重要，智能技术支撑的教育服务是其中的关键，教育信息化要从关注平台建设、资源建设转型为关注服务建设。智慧教育服务建设关键是建立开放的服务生态体系，它以云网融合的服务架构为基础，构建出能自由组合服务、平等交易服务的教育服务市场。教育服务由政府、教育用户、教育服务供应商协同构建，这种多方参与、协同构建的方式能有效促进教育服务生态的常态化运转。云网融合的服务架构包括能力服务层、区域共享层和服务汇聚层，能力服务层基于教育服务的互操作模型构建面向教育业务的服务，区域共享层和服务汇聚层依赖互操作模型联通各类教育服务系统、各级教育单位，实现教育数据的动态流转和优质教育资源的共建共享。
【英文摘要】：
Smart education is an inevitable trend of future education, but there are structural dilemmas in the process of continuously promoting smart education: the fragmentation of educational information system construction, the dilemma between integrated construction and decentralized construction system, the increasing complexity of maintenance and management by intelligent technology, the lack of continuous maintenance of education information system, the difficulty of developing dynamic and variable educational applications, and the vulnerability of campus network security. In order to cope with those dilemmas, it should be recognized that having services is more important than having technology, and that education services supported by intelligent technology are the key to this, and that educational informatization should be transformed from focusing on platform construction and resource construction to focusing on service construction. The key to smart education service is to establish an open service ecosystem, which is based on a service architecture of cloud-network integration to build an education service market that can combine services freely and exchange services equally. Education services are jointly constructed by the government, education users and education service providers, and such multi-party participation and collaborative approach can effectively promote the normal operation of education service ecology. Moreover, the service architecture of cloud-network integration includes a capability service layer, a regional sharing layer and a service convergence layer. The capability service layer builds services oriented to educational business based on the interoperation model of education services. The regional sharing layer and the service convergence layer rely on the interoperation model to connect various education service systems and education units, so as to realize the dynamic circulation of educational data and the co-construction and sharing of high-quality educational resources.