【作 者】：
王 竹 立
【关 键 词 】：
开放大学； 互联网+大学； 新知识观； 新建构主义； 新型高等学校
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
我国开放大学转型试点已逾10年，虽然取得了较大的成绩，但仍未摆脱“前有强敌、后有追兵”的困局。为了探讨其背后深层次原因并提出解决方案，文章对开放大学（广播电视大学）历史、现状、存在的问题及优劣势进行了分析，认为关键在于对“新型高等学校”的性质和定位认识不清，对“互联网+大学”的本质理解不透，导致转型改革不到位。网络时代知识和学习发生了很大的变化，成人学习者的真正需求由获取知识转变为提高网络学习与终身学习能力，在学习过程中及时得到支持、帮助和指导。开放大学必须找准自身定位，与普通高校和其他高等教育机构和企业错位发展，打造真正意义上的“互联网+大学”。应突破以学科和专业教学为中心的办学思路，由学历教育进一步向非学历终身教育转型。可借鉴旅行社、社交网站的经验和模式，针对学习者兴趣和需求，开展项目式学习、淘宝式学习、书院式学习等新型学习活动；树立“质量即满足需要”的新质量观，开展具有开放大学特色的学术研究，提升教学质量与社会声誉。
【英文摘要】：
The transformation of China's Open University has been tested for more than 10 years. Although great achievements have been made, the dilemma of having strong enemies in front and pursuers at the back has not been shaken off. In order to explore the underlying reasons and propose solutions, this paper analyzes the history, current situation, existing problems, advantages and disadvantages of Open University (Radio and Television University), and concludes that the key lies in the unclear understanding of the nature and positioning of the "new type of higher education institution" and the incomplete understanding of the essence of "Internet + University", resulting in the incomplete transformation and reform. In the Internet era, great changes have taken place in knowledge and learning. The real needs of adult learners have changed from acquiring knowledge to improving their abilities of online learning and lifelong learning, and receiving timely support, help and guidance in the learning process. Open universities must find their own positioning, and develop a misaligned way with ordinary universities and other higher education institutions and enterprises, so as to build "Internet + universities" in a real sense. It is necessary to break through the school-running idea of taking subjects and specialty teaching as the center and further transform the academic education to non-academic lifelong education. New types of learning activities such as project-based learning, Taobao-style learning and academy-style learning can be developed in response to learners' interests and needs, drawing on the experience and models of travel agencies and social networking sites. The new quality concept of "quality is to meet the needs" should be established, and academic research with the characteristics of the Open University should be carried out to improve the teaching quality and social reputation.