【作 者】：
张敏霞， 王 陆
【关 键 词 】：
教师实践性知识； 大数据； 知识发现； 经验学习圈； 不同教师群体
【栏 目】：
学科建设与教师发展
【中文摘要】：
实践性知识是优秀教师专业成熟的重要标准之一。文章针对教师在线实践社区中8个地区596名中小学教师的实践性知识，采用内容分析法、差异性分析法、主成分分析法等进行基于大数据的知识发现，研究了不同教师群体教师实践性知识的发展特征及变化规律。研究发现，基于经验学习圈的靠谱COP研修活动能够显著促进教师实践性知识的增长，特别是对教龄10年以上的成熟教师的作用最大；新手教师的实践性知识发展呈现出知识建构特征，胜任教师的实践性知识发展呈现出知识改进特征，成熟教师的实践性知识发展呈现出知识再造特征。基于不同教师群体实践性知识的发展特征，提出了设计教师专业发展项目的建议。
【英文摘要】：
Practical knowledge is one of the important standards for professional maturity of excellent teachers. According to the practical knowledge of 596 primary and secondary school teachers from 8 Teacher's Online Communities of Practice(COP), this paper uses content analysis, difference analysis and principal component analysis to conduct knowledge discovery of big data and studies the development characteristics and changing rules of teachers' practical knowledge in different groups of teachers. It is found that reliable COP training activities based on experiential learning circles can significantly promote the growth of teachers' practical knowledge, especially for mature teachers with more than 10 years of teaching experience. The development of practical knowledge of novice teachers is characterized by knowledge construction, that of competent teachers by knowledge improvement, and that of mature teachers by knowledge reconstruction. Based on the development characteristics of practical knowledge in different groups of teachers, suggestions are put forward for designing teacher professional development projects.