【作 者】：
屠明将， 刘义兵， 吴南中
【关 键 词 】：
5G； VR； 分布式教学； 理论模型； 实现策略
【栏 目】：
课程与教学
【中文摘要】：
基于VR的分布式教学模式是针对传统教学体验不佳、效率低下，尤其是此次疫情期间大规模在线学习暴露出的主要问题，而进行的一种教学改革的理论尝试。文章以开发研究为基本方法，秉持知识建构主义以及学习发生的社会文化属性，在具身认知理论与文化历史活动理论支撑下依托“VR+5G”技术优势，架构融合虚实相生情境性、多元一体分布性、人际交互实时性与教学方式多态性为一体的分布式教学模式。这种新型教学模式更加关注学生在VR课堂教学空间中的具身体验、情感交流和师生互动，将散落于不同节点的学生串联起来组成一个自组织的、开放的分布式系统，VR教学空间中的师生主体以规则为中介结成发展共同体，通过明确的任务分工方式对教学内容客体进行意义建构，为实现特定教学目标协同合作。基于VR的分布式教学模式的实现策略需要从理念转型、标准研发、资源建设、教师角色转换、网络教研以及家校共育等方面入手进行统整规划。
【英文摘要】：
VR-based distributed teaching model is a theoretical attempt to reform teaching and learning in response to the poor experience and inefficiency of traditional teaching, especially the major problems exposed by massive online learning during the COVID-19 epidemic. This paper takes the development research as the basic method, adheres to the knowledge constructionism and the sociocultural attributes of learning, relies on the technological advantages of "VR+5G" supported by embodied cognition theory and cultural and historical activity theory, and constructs a distributed teaching model which integrates the contextuality of virtual reality, the distribution of diversity, the real-time interpersonal interaction and the polymorphism of teaching methods. This new teaching model pays more attention to students' embodied experience, emotional communication and teacher-student interactions in the VR teaching space, linking students in different nodes to form a self-organized and open distributed system. Teachers and students in VR teaching space form a development community mediated by rules, constructing meanings of the objects of the teaching content through a clear division of tasks and cooperating with each other to achieve specific teaching goals. The implementation strategy of VR-based distributed teaching model needs to be planned holistically from the aspects of conceptual transformation, standards development, resource construction, transformation of teacher role, online teaching and research, and home-school co-education.