【作 者】：
潘巧明， 赵静华， 王志临， 张太志
【关 键 词 】：
精准教学； 时空分离； 虚实融合； 活动理论； 教学环境
【栏 目】：
课程与教学
【中文摘要】：
新冠肺炎疫情期间，全国范围内广泛利用网络平台开展“停课不停学”的教育教学活动。在此背景下，线上教学活动如何做到精准、如何指向核心素养、教学有效性该如何验证等问题成为精准教学改革面临的关键问题。为解决以上问题，研究以活动理论为基础，构建精准教学理论模型，分别提出疫情中时空分离和疫情后虚实融合的精准教学实践指导框架，并用于指导丽水市精准教学改革实践。为验证实践效果，从教师、学生、管理者和家长四个层面设计并发放了22万余份调查问卷，开展调查研究。在调研基础上，提出精准教学实践指导框架常态化应用建议，包括：改革教学模式，重构教学秩序，促进有效教学；更新课程理念，打破学科壁垒，提升核心素养；优化“教”“学”结构，培养自学能力，达成精准教学。
【英文摘要】：
During the COVID-19 epidemic, online platforms are widely used across the country to carry out "ensuring learning undisrupted when classes are disrupted" educational teaching activities. In this context, how to achieve precision in online teaching activities, how to point to core literacy, and how to verify the effectiveness of teaching have become key issues in reform of precision teaching. In order to solve the above problems, the research constructs a theoretical model of precision teaching based on activity theory, and proposes a framework for guiding precision teaching practice that separates time and space during the epidemic and integrate virtuality and reality after the epidemic respectively, and uses it to guide the practice of precision teaching reform in Lishui City. In order to verify the practical effectiveness, more than 220,000 questionnaires are designed and distributed from four levels of teachers, students, administrators and parents, and a survey research is conducted. On the basis of the survey, recommendations for the normal application of the framework are made, including reforming teaching models, reconstructing teaching order, and promoting effective teaching and learning; updating curriculum concepts, breaking through discipline barriers, and improving core literacy; optimizing the structure of "teaching" and "learning", cultivating self-learning ability and achieving precision teaching.