【作 者】：
陈 维 维
【关 键 词 】：
人工智能； 启蒙教育； 学龄前儿童； 实践路径
【栏 目】：
课程与教学
【中文摘要】：
人工智能技术的迅猛发展催生了人工智能教育的迫切需求，学龄前儿童教育是为学校教育和终身教育奠基，理应积极应对人工智能教育的需求。针对学龄前儿童的身心发展特点，其人工智能教育只能定位于启蒙性质。面向学龄前儿童，从合用性、可用性、应用性三个方面梳理了人工智能启蒙教育的研究现状，提出其目标是创设智能学习情境，让儿童感知、体验，并应用合适的智能技术进行游戏、学习和创作，为未来奠基；其内涵可分解为智能感知技术启蒙、智能交互技术启蒙和智能处理技术启蒙。在此基础上，探讨了以智能语音和图像识别为主的感知技术启蒙、以儿童教育机器人为主的交互技术启蒙、以编程和计算思维为主的智能处理技术启蒙这三条具体的实践路径。
【英文摘要】：
The rapid development of artificial intelligence technology has given birth to an urgent need for artificial intelligence education. Preschool education is to lay the foundation for school education and lifelong education, so it is necessary to respond actively to the demand of artificial intelligence education. According to the characteristics of physical and mental development of preschool children, the artificial intelligence education for preschool children can only be positioned as an enlightenment. For preschool children, this paper summarizes the status of Artificial Intelligence Enlightenment Education(AIEE) from three aspects of suitability, usability and operability, and proposes that its goal is to create intelligent learning situation for children to perceive and experience, and apply appropriate intelligent technologies in games, learning and creation, laying the foundation for the future. Its connotation can be divided into intelligent perception technology enlightenment, intelligent interaction technology enlightenment and intelligent processing technology enlightenment. On the basis, this paper discusses three specific practical paths: the enlightenment of perception technology based on intelligent speech and image recognition, the enlightenment of interaction technology based on children's educational robots, and the enlightenment of intelligent processing technology based on programming and computational thinking.