【作 者】：
王 帆， 郝祥军， 张 迪， 刘 慧
【关 键 词 】：
在线学习； 外部引导； 学习内驱力； 引领式在线学习
【栏 目】：
课程与教学
【中文摘要】：
在学习科学和技术应用的发展推动下，外部学习引导策略逐渐成为激发学习者学习内驱力的重要抓手。为促进在线学习者的持续学习、发展社会性知识交互，文章依据内驱力与诱因理论、引领式在线学习理念，从学习情境、学习问题、学习群体出发，设计了“情境‘外引’——提供学习者一个好的学习起点”“问题‘外引’——为学习者建造合理的交流支点”“群体‘外引’——带动学习者积极发散问题观点”三个外部引导策略，并进行实践。研究采用社会统计分析法、内容分析法和社会网络分析法等分析数据得出：情境铺设，满足群体学习需求，夯实了在线学习的基础；问题支架，指引群体交流方向，加深了在线交流的深度；群体吸引，运用内部成员智慧，带动了学习讨论的节奏。
【英文摘要】：
With the development of learning science and technology application, the strategy of external learning guidance has gradually become an important way to stimulate learners' internal drive. In order to promote the continuous learning of online learners and develop social knowledge interaction, this paper, based on the theory of drive and incentive and the concept of leading online learning, starts from learning situation, learning problem and learning group, designs three external guiding strategies and puts them into practice, namely "situational guidance—providing learners with a good starting point for learning", "problem guidance─building reasonable communication fulcrum for learners" and "group guidance—motivating learners to actively express their views of problems". The research uses social statistical analysis, content analysis and social network analysis to draw three conclusions：situation laid can meet the needs of group learning, and consolidate the foundation of online learning; scaffolds for problem can guide group communication and deepen online communication; and group attraction can use the wisdom of internal members and drive the rhythm of learning and discussion.