【作 者】：
首 新， 胡卫平， 刘 念
【关 键 词 】：
STEM教育； 高层次思维； 测评； Rasch模型； 义务教育阶段
【栏 目】：
课程与教学
【中文摘要】：
发展高层次思维已成为STEM跨学科教学的重要目标，但如何评估STEM学习中的高层次思维，仍没有可行的工具。本研究采用问卷调查、专家咨询等研究方法，运用探索性结构方程模型（ESEM）、层次分析（AHP）、拟合Rasch模型等手段，建立测评模型、确定指标权重、开发测评工具。数据分析显示，中小学STEM学习中高层次思维测评工具具有良好的信度和结构效度。正式测量发现，小学阶段学生STEM学习中高层次思维整体呈现波动增长，性别、地域等因素影响较小。测评模型对评估中小学STEM教育项目具有应用价值。
【英文摘要】：
Developing high order thinking has become an important goal of STEM education, but there is still no feasible tool to evaluate it. This study adopts questionnaire survey and expert consultation, and uses Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Rasch Model to establish evaluation model, determine index weight and develop evaluation tools. Data analysis shows that evaluation tools for high order thinking in STEM learning in primary and secondary schools have good reliability and structural validity. According to the formal measurement, higher order thinking in STEM learning of primary school students shows fluctuating growth, with less influence of gender and region on it. The evaluation model has practical value for evaluating STEM education projects in primary and secondary schools.