【作 者】：
许秋璇， 杨文正， 卢 雅， 周琴英
【关 键 词 】：
核心素养； 大概念； STEM整合课程； 项目式教学； Scratch编程教学
【栏 目】：
课程与教学
【中文摘要】：
STEM教育旨在通过应用跨学科知识解决真实情境问题过程中培养学生的核心素养。针对STEM整合课程教学实施中存在的“缺乏总括性目标廓清学科概念间的关系，缺少反映学科概念交叉和序列的显性化表征途径，跨学科任务情境之间的连贯性、梯度性不强”等问题，文章提出融入“大概念”的STEM整合课程设计新思路。首先基于奥苏贝尔有意义学习理论，凝练出从“具体概念、学科概念到跨学科概念”抽象的大概念层次框架，为厘清跨学科概念间的逻辑关系提供显性化表征途径；其次，借鉴国外围绕大概念进行STEM整合课程设计经验，构建了融入“大概念”的STEM课程设计模型，并阐释了STEM整合课程中各学科知识间交叉的融合机制和课程实施的具体路径；最后，以“如何让纸飞机飞行时间更长？”为项目主题开展Scratch编程教学活动。研究的价值在于探索大概念与STEM整合课程耦合的实践途径，为一线中小学教师开展STEM跨学科教学提供参考范例。
【英文摘要】：
STEM education aims to cultivate students' core literacy through the application of interdisciplinary knowledge to solve real-world problems. In view of the problems existing in the implementation of STEM integrated courses, such as " the lack of overarching goals to clarify the relationship between subject concepts, lack of explicit representations reflecting the intersections and sequences of subject concepts, and lack of coherence and gradient between interdisciplinary task situations ", this paper proposes a new approach of STEM integrated curriculum design with "big concepts". Firstly, based on Ausubel's meaningful learning theory, an abstract conceptual hierarchy framework from is formulated from "concrete concept, discipline concept to interdisciplinary concept", which provides an explicit representation approach to clarify the logical relationship between interdisciplinary concepts. Secondly, learning from foreign experiences in STEM integrated curriculum design around big concepts, the STEM curriculum design model with "big concept" is constructed, and the cross-disciplinary integration mechanism and the specific path of curriculum implementation in STEM integrated courses are explained. Finally, the scratch programming teaching practice with the project theme of "how to make paper aircraft fly longer?" are conducted. The value of the research lies in exploring the practical approach of coupling big concepts with STEM integrated courses, and providing a reference for primary and secondary school teachers to carry out the STEM interdisciplinary teaching.