【作 者】：
朱 洪 洋
【关 键 词 】：
脑机接口； 全景敞视； 神经隐私； 教育伦理； 教育技术
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
文章对脑机接口技术应用于教育的现状进行了梳理，在此基础上分析了该技术应用于教育领域所带来的主要伦理挑战，并相应地提出改进策略与展望。研究发现：（1）在脑机接口技术应用于教育实践方面，主要表现为利用脑机接口智能穿戴设备实现对学习者注意力和情绪的实时监控，并通过干预以增强学习能力；（2）在脑机接口技术应用于教育所带来的伦理挑战方面，主要表现为对神经增强设备的依赖导致教学主体的自我认同危机和脑机接口作为超级全景敞视工具对学习者神经隐私的侵犯；（3）在改进策略方面，两大伦理挑战所体现的内核是教育实践领域“人—机”和“我—他”两对基本矛盾，要想化解这些矛盾，需要从价值观层面转向“以人为中心”的教育—技术深度融合，以及通过对教育技术治理场景边界的划定并配合立法实现全方位的神经隐私保护。
【英文摘要】：
This paper reviews the current situation of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology applied in education, analyzes the main ethical challenges brought by the application of this technology in the field of education, and puts forward corresponding improvement strategies and prospects. The research findings are as follows: (1) in the application of BCI technology in educational practice, the main performance is to achieve real-time monitoring of learners' attention and emotion by using BCI intelligent wearable devices, and to enhance learning abilities through intervention. (2) In terms of the ethical challenges posed by BCI technology in education, the main manifestation is the self-identity crisis of the teaching subject caused by the reliance on the neural enhancement devices and the invasion of learners' neural privacy by the use of BCI as a super panoramic open view tool. (3) In terms of improvement strategies, the core of the two major ethical challenges is the fundamental contradiction between "human-machine" and "I-Thou" in educational practice. In order to resolve those contradictions, it is necessary to shift from a value-based approach to a "human-centered" deep integration of education and technology, and to achieve the comprehensive protection of neural privacy through the delimitation of the boundaries of educational technology governance scenarios in conjunction with legislation.