【作 者】：
童名文， 师亚飞， 戴红斌， 孙 佳
【关 键 词 】：
智慧学习环境； 个性化； 自适应学习； 自适应学习系统； 动力机制
【栏 目】：
学习环境与资源
【中文摘要】：
智慧学习环境下的教学更加关注学习者的个性化诉求，自适应学习系统能够为实现个性化学习提供技术支持。文章针对传统层状自适应学习系统模型未阐明学习系统内部运行机制的不足，基于自适应逆控制理论研制了一种自适应学习系统动力模型。学习者的学习目标选择促使学习系统开始运行，学习者的初始学习目标与其后的学习成效之间的差值是维系学习系统继续运行的内在动力。学习系统在领域模型、学习者模型、认知诊断和自适应模型四者的协同作用下向学习者不断推送适切的学习资源，旨在消除学习目标与当前学习成效之间的差值，从而使系统重新归于稳定。文章从系统动力机制视角，设计了自适应学习系统包含的领域模型、学习者模型、自适应模型和认知诊断模型。研究将为自适应学习系统的设计与实现提供理论借鉴。
【英文摘要】：
In smart learning environment, teaching pays more attention to the personalized demands of learners, and the adaptive learning system can provide technological support for personalized learning. Since the traditional hierarchical adaptive learning system model failed to clarify the internal operating mechanism of the learning system, this paper develops a dynamic model of adaptive learning system based on adaptive inverse control theory. The choice of learners' learning objectives prompts the learning system to start operation. The difference between learners' initial learning objectives and their subsequent learning outcomes is the intrinsic motivation to keep the learning system working. The learning system continuously pushes appropriate learning resources to learners under the cooperation of domain model, learner model, cognitive diagnosis and adaptive model, aiming at eliminating the difference between learning objectives and current learning outcomes, and thus the system can be stabilized again. Finally, from the perspective of system dynamic mechanism, this paper designs the domain model, learner model, adaptive model, and cognitive diagnosis model of adaptive learning system. The research will provide theoretical references for the design and construction of adaptive learning systems.