【作 者】：
杨彦军， 罗吴淑婷， 童 慧
【关 键 词 】：
人工智能； 教师“缺陷”； AI助教系统； 人性结构； 大规模个性化教育
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
人工智能时代的主流教育形态是借助现代信息技术实现的，根据学习者个性特征为其提供精准个性化学习服务的大规模个性化教育。教师在知识掌握、认知能力、情绪管理、生理素质等诸方面的“缺陷”日渐暴露，斯蒂格勒的“人性结构”理论启示：基于人工智能的AI助教系统将是未来课堂教学中有效弥补教师缺陷、激发教师潜能的关键性“技术”。文章在对人工智能时代的课程教学活动、现有AI助教系统的功能及人机协同教学现状深入考察的基础上，认为AI助教系统在认知方面表现更加出色，但教师在情感和创意方面的智慧是无可替代的。基于此提出了未来课堂教学行为分析框架和AI助教系统模型，模型中包含了“AI替代”“AI协助”“AI增强”“AI赋能”四种不同的功能关系。最后展望了未来AI助教系统研究所面临的挑战，以期为智能时代AI助教系统的研究提供理论上的参考和思路上的借鉴。
【英文摘要】：
In the age of artificial intelligence, the mainstream educational form is characterized by the large-scale personalized education that provides learners with precise and personalized learning services by means of modern information technology according to the characteristics of learners. Teachers' defects in general knowledge, cognitive ability, emotional management and physiological quality are increasingly exposed. According to Stigler's theory of "human nature structure", AI teaching assistant system based on artificial intelligence will be a "key technology" in future classroom teaching to effectively make up for teachers' defects and stimulate teachers' potential. On the basis of in-depth investigation of teaching activities in the age of artificial intelligence, the function of the existing AI teaching assistant system and the current situation of human-machine collaborative teaching, this paper holds that the AI teaching assistant system is better at cognition, but the emotional and creative intelligence of teachers are irreplaceable. Then, this paper proposes a future classroom teaching behavior analysis framework and a AI teaching assistant system model, which include four different functional relations of "AI substitution", "AI assistance", "AI enhancement" and "AI empowerment". Finally, the future challenges of AI teaching assistant system research are prospected so as to provide theoretical references and ideas for the study of AI teaching assistant system in the intelligent era.