【作 者】：
唐烨伟， 茹丽娜， 范佳荣， 庞敬文， 钟绍春
【关 键 词 】：
学习者大数据； 学习者画像； 个性化学习； 学习路径； 个性化学习路径规划
【栏 目】：
学习环境与资源
【中文摘要】：
信息时代的飞速发展使教育大数据成为研究的热点，也使得教学正在向个性化、精准性转型。文章基于大量文献对学习者画像和学习路径相关研究进行了综述，同时，基于教育大数据中的学习者基本情况大数据、学习过程大数据和学习结果大数据构建了学习者画像模型，并利用关键技术描述了共性特征库的建立方法和个性化画像的输出、迭代。最终设计了一种基于学习者画像的精准个性化学习路径规划框架。该框架由学习目标、学习内容、学习活动、学习评价四个基本要素和学习者、知识图谱、主流学习路径、学习者大数据、学习者画像、个性化学习路径六大部分组成，其中学习者画像处于整个框架的核心位置，体现了“以学习者为中心”的思想，关注学习者自身特点与个性差异，以期满足学习者可以根据需要学习、按照适合的方式学习、找到最佳的环境和伙伴学习。
【英文摘要】：
With the rapid development of the information age, educational big data has become a research hotspot, and teaching is being transformed into a personalized and precise one. Based on a large amount of literature, this paper reviews the studies on learner portrait and learning path. At the same time, a learner portrait model is constructed based on the big data of learners' basic situation, learning process and learning outcomes in big data of education, and the key technologies are used to describe the method to build the common feature database and the output and iteration of the portrait. Finally, an accurate and personalized planning framework of learning path based on learning portrait is designed. The framework consists of four basic elements of learning objectives, learning content, learning activities, learning evaluation and six parts: the learner, knowledge map, mainstream learning path, learner's big data, learner portrait and personalized learning path. Among them, learner portrait is at the center of the whole framework, which reflects the "learner-centered" idea and pays attention to learners' own characteristics and differences of personalities, so as to meet learners' needs, and help learners to learn in a suitable way, find the best environment and partners to learn.