【作 者】：
周 榕， 李世瑾
【关 键 词 】：
STEM教育； 循证实践； 证据； 证据库； 证据导向
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
当前国内STEM教育存在诸多乱象，寻求STEM教育实践的有效经验与科学方法已成为当务之急。循证实践是一种证据导向的科学范式，它秉承跨学科的实践理念，提倡面向问题的实践过程和科学本位的实践方法。为从方法论层面最大限度地规避实践中经验主义的弊端，缩短理论与实践的距离，研究将循证实践引入STEM教育研究，并详尽分析美国STEM教育在宏观政策研究、中观课程设计以及微观教学工具设计等层面的循证实践案例。研究发现，美国通过建立循证问题描述框架和构建循证数据库来提升STEM教育者的循证实践力，并努力完善循证证据评价机制和消除对“证据”的概念误读来促进循证实践的良性发展。鉴于此，提出我国STEM教育实践的发展建议：建立STEM教育的循证文化自觉，构建STEM教育循证实践推进系统，打造STEM教育循证主体生态圈，避免STEM教育循证方法的误用。
【英文摘要】：
Currently, there are many problems in domestic STEM education, so it is urgent to seek effective experience and scientific methods for STEM education practice. Evidence-based practice is an evidence-oriented scientific paradigm, which upholds the interdisciplinary practical concepts and advocates problem-oriented practical process and scientific-based practice method. In order to minimize the disadvantages of empiricism in practice and shorten the distance between theory and practice, this paper introduces evidence-based practice into STEM education research, and analyzes the evidence-based practice cases of American STEM education in terms of macro-policy research, meso-curriculum design and micro-teaching tool design in detail. This paper finds that the United States promotes the evidence-based practice of STEM educators by establishing an evidence-based problem description framework and constructing an evidence-based database, and tries to improve the evidence-based evidence evaluation mechanism and eliminate the misinterpretation of the concept of "evidence" to promote the benign development of evidence-based practice. In view of this, this paper puts forward some suggestions for the domestic development of STEM practice: establishing an evidence-based cultural awareness of STEM education, constructing an evidence-based practice advancement system of STEM education, creating an evidence-based ecosystem for STEM education, and avoiding the misuse of evidence-based methods in STEM education.