【作 者】：
杜 静， 黄荣怀， 李政璇， 周 伟， 田 阳
【关 键 词 】：
智能教育； 人工智能； 机器伦理； 国际政策； 原则； APETHICS模型
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
在智能教育时代，人机如何共处是人工智能伦理建构的关键。文章首先从技术悖论视角，厘清当前人工智能应用于教育在技术滥用、数据泄露、智能教学机器的身份与权力边界等方面存在的伦理挑战与困境；其次，利用内容分析法，结合多国与国际组织政策文件，对人工智能伦理相关的伦理要素进行分析与抽取，发现政府、高校、国际组织文件中多次提到的价值、人类利益、安全、隐私、责任等关键要素；最后，基于人机共处的考量，结合人工智能在教育领域的应用现状和伦理关键要素，归纳分析出智能教育伦理需遵循的原则，包括问责原则、隐私原则、平等原则、透明原则、不伤害原则、非独立原则、预警原则与稳定原则。
【英文摘要】：
In the era of intelligent education, how man and machine coexist is the key to the ethical construction of artificial intelligence. Firstly, from the perspective of technology paradox, this paper clarifies the ethical challenges and dilemmas existing in the application of artificial intelligence in education, such as technology abuse, data leakage, identity and power boundary of intelligent teaching machines, etc. Secondly, content analysis is used to analyze and extract the ethical elements related to AI ethics by combining the policy documents of many countries and international organizations, and discover the key elements such as value, human interests, security, privacy and responsibility that are repeatedly mentioned in documents of governments, universities and international organizations. Finally, in terms of human-computer co-existence and the application status of AI in the field of education and the key elements of ethics, this paper summarizes the principles to be followed by intelligent education ethics, including the principle of accountability, the principle of privacy, the principle of equality, the principle of transparency, the principle of non-maleficence, the principle of non-independence, the precautionary principle and the principle of stability.