【作 者】：
李海峰， 王 炜
【关 键 词 】：
涟漪拓展探究法； 在线协作知识建构； 深度学习； 学习策略； 在线学习； “数课”平台
【栏 目】：
网络教育
【中文摘要】：
在线协作知识建构是促进在线学习和知识创造的重要学习方式，然而浅层知识建构繁多和深度知识建构难以持续的问题一直阻碍着它的有效实施。为实现在线深度协作知识建构的连续统发展，基于社会建构主义理论、社会系统理论和自组织理论构建了“涟漪拓展探究法”理论模型。模型以投石入水产生的涟漪现象隐喻深度知识建构的连续统发展状态，包括学习环境、行为组织、监控评价和知识创造等要素。“石”隐喻问题创设，涉及学习内容与问题的转换与生成，决定着知识建构的初始深度和学习动力；“落水点”隐喻问题创建的时机、情境和节点；“涟漪”隐喻知识建构的范围、深度和连续统发展。涟漪拓展探究法的探索以“数课”平台为实践场域，采用基于设计的研究方法，通过三轮实验迭代改进了模型的问题连续统设计和学习支架，最终形成了一种以问题解决为导向、学习支架为支撑、行为组织为保障的促进在线深度协作知识建构连续统发展的涟漪拓展探究法策略。
【英文摘要】：
Online collaborative knowledge building is an important way to promote online learning and knowledge creation. However, its effective implementation has always been hindered by the problems of numerous superficial knowledge constructions and unsustainable deep knowledge building. In order to realize the continuous development of online deep collaborative knowledge building, ripple expansion inquiry method, a theoretical model, is constructed based on social constructivism theory, social system theory and self-organization theory. That model is a metaphor for the continuum development of deep knowledge building, including learning environment, behavior organization, monitoring and evaluation, and knowledge creation. "Stone" metaphorically refers to the design of the problems, involving the transformation and generation of learning content and problems, which determines the initial depth and learning motivation of knowledge construction. The "falling point" metaphors the opportunity, situation and node of problem creation, while the "ripple" metaphors the scope, depth and continuum development of knowledge construction. This study adopts the design-based research method to examine the model on Shu Ke platform. After three rounds of experimental iteration, the design of the problem continuum and learning framework of the model have been improved. Finally, strategies of ripple expansion inquiry, which is oriented by problem solving, supported by learning scaffolds and guaranteed by behavior organization, are formed to promote the continuum development of online deep collaborative knowledge building.