【作 者】：
杨 开 城
【关 键 词 】：
大数据； 教育大数据； 复杂适应系统； 教育系统
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
在大数据时代，教育能是大数据的吗？据说，教育大数据能实现因材施教、能发现教育规律、能支持科学的教育决策。但实际上，这些领域并不需要教育大数据。很遗憾，至今未出现一例教育大数据应用的真实案例，而且我们总是把教育大数据与教育数据相混淆。诸如体量大、类型多、价值高等九个“V”并不能准确描述大数据。一个更准确的、非相对主义的判据是，大数据其实是复杂适应系统在现实中的显现。大数据的体量不是样本积累的结果，而是源自复杂适应系统自身。教育系统是复杂适应系统，因此，教育大数据是教育系统在教育现实中的生成性表现。只有以教育系统的设计、开发、实施和调节为核心内容的完整的信息化教育实践，才可能是大数据的。
【英文摘要】：
In the era of big data, can education be of big data? It is said that owing to educational big data, individualized learning can be realized, educational laws can be discovered and scientific education decision-making can be made. But actually, educational big data is not necessarily needed in those fields. Unfortunately, a real case of application of educational big data cannot be found yet. And we always confuse educational big data with educational data. Nine "V"s such as volume, types and value cannot accurately characterize big data. A more accurate and non-relativistic criterion is that big data is the manifestation of a complex adaptive system in reality. The volume of big data is not the result of sample accumulation, but comes from the complex adaptive system itself. Educational system is a complex adaptive system, so educational big data is the generative performance of educational system in education reality. Only the complete information-based educational practice, with the core content of design, development, implementation, and adjustment of the educational system, can be of big data.