【作 者】：
余胜泉， 徐刘杰
【关 键 词 】：
大数据； 教育研究； 研究范式； 教育计算实验； 计算机仿真
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
大数据为教育研究带来新机遇，全样本的数据来源、因果分析向相关性研究的转变、计算机仿真方法的应用以及数据驱动实验的实现推动了教育研究范式转变。教育计算实验研究借鉴了计算社会学的思路，基于教育系统的客观事实，利用计算机仿真技术实现教育系统模拟，通过参数演化，自动化、快速生成大数据，基于大数据分析观察教育系统演化过程，总结教育演化规律，使教育研究可量化、可检验、可重复。基于大数据的计算实验为教育提供了新的研究方法与分析技术。基于大数据的计算实验研究在宏观层面可用于研究教育资源配置，在中观层面可以研究教育公共服务，在微观层面可以研究各要素及个体对教育系统的影响作用，帮助人们科学制定教育政策，改进教育系统。
【英文摘要】：
Big data brings new opportunities to education research. Data sources of all samples, the transition from causal analysis to correlation research, the application of computer simulation methods, and realization of data-driven experiment promote the shift in educational research paradigm. Based on computational sociology and the objective facts of education system, education computational experimental research could achieve education system simulation by using computer simulation technology. Through parameter evolution, big data could be generated automatically and quickly. Based on big data analysis, the evolution process of education system is observed, and the laws of evolution education are summarized to make education research quantifiable, verifiable and repeatable. The computational experiment based on big data provides a new research method and analysis technology for education. Computational experimental research based on big data can be used to study the allocation of educational resources at the macro level, to study public service of education at the medium level, to study the impact of various factors and individuals on education system at the micro level, so as to help people formulate education policies scientifically and improve education system.