【作 者】：
黄 予
【关 键 词 】：
数字徽章； 文献综述； 能力本位； 学习动机； 学习评价
【栏 目】：
网络教育
【中文摘要】：
非正式学习的认证是当前的热点问题，以数字徽章为主的认证形式被寄予厚望。研究通过文献分析法，对国外2012—2017年的相关文献进行归纳、梳理，力图从微观、中观到宏观维度，挖掘数字徽章在个体（学习动机）、课程（学习设计、整合慕课）、教学改革（高校教育教学改革）层面的研究现状、存在的争论及其未来的走向。研究发现：数字徽章表面上是承认非正式学习的有效手段，实质上是能力本位复兴诉求的一个缩影；它作为一种自上而下推行的评价形式，在教学改革层面的应用已逐渐铺开，但在实施层面仍具争议；作为一个新兴的教育生态物种，它如何与传统教育评价体系和谐相处和争取第三方的认可是当前之难点。最后，为我国在该领域的发展提出了建议。
【英文摘要】：
The certification of informal learning is becoming a hot issue at present, and digital badges as the main form of certification is highly anticipated. In order to portray the current situation, existing debates and future trends of digital badges at the level of individual (learning motivation), curriculum (learning design, integrated MOOCs) and teaching reform (educational reform in universities), through literature analysis, this paper summarizes and sorts out relevant foreign literature published during 2012-2017. The results reveal that the application of digital badges provides an effective way to validate informal learning and essentially digital badges represent the renewal of competency-based education. As a top-down evaluation form, it has been gradually applied in educational reforms, but there is still controversy at the implementation level. As a new educational ecological species, getting along well with traditional educational evaluation system and obtaining the recognition of the third part are difficult. Finally, suggestions are made for the development of the application of digital badges in our country.