【作 者】：
张 露， 尚俊杰
【关 键 词 】：
教育游戏； 游戏化学习； 学习体验； 学习理论； 认知理论
【栏 目】：
理论探讨
【中文摘要】：
文章旨在以学习体验为视角，建构游戏化学习体验的理论框架。运用文献研究法，系统地梳理了强调学习体验的三种学习实践理论的核心内容，通过理论要素的推演与归纳，清晰地界定了学习体验的分类，即基于情境的认知体验、基于协作的社会性体验、基于动机的主体性体验。基于心理学、认知科学、教育学等领域的理论，描述了游戏化学习体验的内容与特征。学习者能够在认知真实性的游戏环境中获得隐性知识，体验具身认知；游戏元素及反馈机制能够激发学习动机并辅助元认知过程；教师指导与学习者间的合作是基于协作的社会性体验的重要内容。同时，文章结合理论系统地阐述了游戏化学习体验促进认知和主体性发展的原理。
【英文摘要】：
This paper aims to propose a theoretical structure for game-based learning from the perspective of learning experiences. This study makes an analysis of the core contents of three practical learning theories focusing on learning experiences, and defines the types of learning experiences through specialization and generalization: context-based cognitive learning experience, collaboration-based social learning experience, and motivation-based subjective learning experience. Based on the theories frompsychology, cognitive science and teaching pedagogy, this paper describes the contents and features of game-based learning experiences. Learners can acquire tacit knowledge in the game environment of cognitive reality and experience body cognition. Game elements and feedback mechanism can stimulate learners' learning motivation and assist their metacognitive process. The cooperation between teachers and learners is an important part of collaborative social experience. Meanwhile, this paper systematically elaborates the principle that promotes cognition and the development of subjectivity in game -based learning experiences.