【作 者】：
赵 梅， 杨文正， 孙梦琴， 马映梅
【关 键 词 】：
教育APP； 原生应用； 网页式应用； 混合式应用； 类原生应用
【栏 目】：
学习环境与资源
【中文摘要】：
教育APP是随着移动智能终端的普及和移动互联网技术的发展而开发的新型移动学习资源。文章分析了教育APP的发展历程，系统阐述了四种教育APP开发模式（原生应用、网页式应用、混合式应用和类原生应用）的演进过程，从技术、平台和学习者三个层面对教育APP开发的趋势作出分析，以此为教育APP开发实践提供参考。研究发现：教育APP经历了“桌面应用模仿”到“移动特征实现”两个阶段，当前正处于快速发展时期；四种教育APP开发模式的发展演进是一个迭代融合的过程，而并非相互取代的关系。未来教育APP开发将基于HTML5技术标准，呈现出以“轻应用”为主导的混合式应用发展趋势，并且应具备面向API、架构易收缩、响应式界面、全方位交互、上下文处理和服务有机化的功能特点。开发出符合智慧教育理念，具有良好用户体验和支持个性化学习的教育APP是未来发展的方向。
【英文摘要】：
With the popularization of mobile intelligent terminals and development of mobile Internet technology, education APP becomes a new mobile learning resource. In this paper, the development of education APP is analyzed, and four kinds of development modes of education APP, including native APP, web APP, hybrid APP and react native APP, are described. This paper analyzes the trend of education APP from three perspectives (technology, platform and learners) to provide reference for the development of education APP. This study finds that after experiencing "desktop application imitation" and "mobile feature implementation" two stages, education APP is now in a period of rapid development. The evolution of four development models of education APP is an iterative process rather than a reciprocal relationship. The development of future education APP will be based on HTML5 technical standards and characterized by a hybrid application dominated by "light application" with the functions of API-orientation, contractile architecture, responsive interface, omni-directional interaction, contextual processing and organic service. The future education APP should be compatible with the concept of smart education, have good user experience and supports personalized learning.