【作 者】：
高 媛， 陈 潇
【关 键 词 】：
地平线报告； 职业教育； 教育技术； 教育信息化； 德尔菲法； Wiki； 解读； 启示
【栏 目】：
职业教育信息化
【中文摘要】：
进入21世纪后，第四次工业革命的狂潮席卷全球。2015年5月，中国政府发布了“中国制造2025”战略，大量高水平的制造人才成为了重中之重。要培养和提升高水平的制造人才，离不开职业教育，特别是基于信息技术的职业化教育的发展。为了增进中国职业教育的管理者和从业者对信息技术应用态势的把握，促进中国职业教育的信息化进程，北京师范大学智慧学习研究院发布了第一个针对中国职业教育新兴技术应用状况地平线报告：《2018中国职业教育技术展望：地平线项目报告》。该报告提出了新兴技术在职业教育应用中的9大关键趋势、9项重大挑战和12项教育技术发展，反映了未来五年我国职业教育领域教育技术应用的总体态势，对我国职业教育信息化的发展具有指导和借鉴的意义。通过对该报告的分析，本文认为，在未来五年中国职业教育领域教育技术应用的关键趋势方面，表现出从政策导向到理念导向的转变；在教育技术应用所面临的重要挑战方面，社会认知层面的挑战较易应对，教学方法和学术层面的挑战则更为严峻；在教育技术的重要发展中，主要倾向于资源和方法，但在新技术的应用上较为滞后。
【英文摘要】：
The fourth wave of industrial revolution sweeps the world with the advent of 21 century. Chinese government released the "China Manufacturing 2025" strategy in 2015, in which the cultivation of high-level manufacturing talents becomes the top priority of education. Therefore, it is of significance to develop vocational education, especially with the assistance of information technology for cultivating high-level manufacturing talents. In order to enhance the understanding of leaders and practitioners of Chinese vocational education on the adoption of information technology and promote the informatization progress of vocational education in China, Institute of Smart Learning of Beijing Normal University together with New Media Consortium released the first horizon report for the adoption of emerging technologies in Chinese vocational education: "2018 Chinese Vocational Education Technology Outlook". Nine key trends, nine important challenges, and twelve emerging technologies on the adoption of information technologies are put forward, reflecting the developing trend of emerging technologies in Chinese vocational education over the next five years, which provides guidance and reference for the development of informationization of Chinese vocational education. Based on the analysis of the report, this paper concludes that in the next five years, the development of Chinese vocational education will shift from policy orientation to concept orientation. The challenges related to social cognition are easier to deal with, while the challenges in the field of teaching methods and academic research are more serious. And the adoption of new technologies lags behind in the adoption of relatively mature technologies about resources and methods.