【作 者】：
曹 梅， 沈书生， 柏宏权
【关 键 词 】：
智慧教育； 智慧校园； 现状； 建设思路
【栏 目】：
学习环境与资源
【中文摘要】：
教育信息化的发展已经开始走向“智慧教育”阶段，而学校也面临“数字化校园”到“智慧校园”的升级。对于中小学学校而言，他们离智慧校园还有多远？他们的发展方向和行动路线如何？围绕这些问题，文章以某市智慧校园示范学校评估标准体系为框架，采用自评表调查、学校建设方案的文本分析等技术路线，揭示当前中小学学校离智慧校园的差距，明确行动方向。研究发现：（1）与智慧校园的要求相比，差距较小的是信息化管理、教师专业发展，差距较大的是智能环境建设、智慧教学范式转变、创新应用项目探索、基于网的教育实践、数字化教学评估体系、智能一卡通系统等，后四项更是信息化应用推进中的难点；（2）学校主观意识上能够认识到智慧校园的内在需求，但是，具体行动规划跟不上主观意识，行动跟进方向和力度失衡；（3）仍习惯于追求校园设备的升级和信息化管理，“智慧环境”着力过多，对信息化领导力、组织架构、资源共享、资源应用、突出成果、机制创新等方面的行动力度远远不够。因此，当前的行动方向建议面向应用效益，重点关注智慧教学和特色发展，加强学校信息化应用项目设计与创新实践，加强信息化领导力建设等，同时也要注意建设中的一些需求饱和现象。
【英文摘要】：
With the development of educational informationalization moving towards smart education, the school is facing the upgrade from "digital campus" to "smart campus". For primary and secondary schools, how far are they away from smart school? What should be their developmental orientations and paths? In order to answer those questions, based on the evaluation standard system of the smart campus of a demonstration school, this paper reveals the gap between the current schools and the smart campus and clarifies the direction of action by means of self-assessment survey and text analysis of school building programs. The results indicate that compared with the requirements of smart campus, the gap is smaller in information-based management and teachers' professional development, while the larger gap lies in the construction of intelligent environments, the shift of teaching paradigm, the exploration of innovative application projects, the web-based teaching practice, digital teaching evaluation system, smart card system, and so on, and the last 4 items are the difficulties in the development of informationization. There is also a distance between the subjective consciousness and the specific actions and plans of the school. The schools are used to focus on the upgrade of campus equipment and information-based management, but pay less attention to leadership, organizational structure, resource sharing and application, outcome display, mechanism innovation etc. Therefore, it is suggested that the school should attach importance to application benefits, wisdom-oriented teaching and characteristic development, strengthen the design and innovative practice of school informatization application project and the construction of leadership, and pay attention to some demand saturation in construction.