【作 者】：
朱 龙， 饶 敏， 张华阳， 胡小勇
【关 键 词 】：
美国；设计型学习；教学模式；案例；启示
【栏 目】：
历史与国际比较
【中文摘要】：
设计型学习融合了“探究”与“设计”两类学习活动，在美国基础教育领域应用广泛。研究表明，设计型学习是一种能够有效提升学生21世纪技能的教学模式。对此，文章从教学层面切入，运用文献研究法与案例分析法，在系统梳理美国设计型学习发展历程的基础上，对一个设计型学习典型案例“San Andres Timilpan”，从案例结构、案例过程和案例效果等三个层面进行深入剖析，总结其特点与启示，包括学习活动问题化、学习方式深度化、学习内容融合化、学习支架明确化、学习过程迭代化和学习成果可视化。以期为我国创造性人才的培养，从教学层面提供参考与借鉴。
【英文摘要】：
This paper describes new requirements of data literacy education for normal students under the background of big data application in educational field. Through analyzing the present situation of the current data literacy education of normal students at home and abroad, it is pointed out that key factors of teachers’ data literacy are composed of data awareness, the ability of data collection, data analysis, data presentation, data decision-making and data morality. By setting teaching standards, establishing teaching team, innovating teaching content, designing teaching environment and feedback of teaching practice, an educational mode of data literacy for normal students is constructed. Since the cultivation of normal students' data literacy is a systematic project, an emerging comprehensive educational research program, education management departments, schools and teachers (normal students) should attach great importance to carry out long-term and sustainable research and practice so as to improve teachers' data literacy effectively.