【作 者】：
李婷婷， 钟柏昌
【关 键 词 】：
实验模拟型教学；中小学机器人教育；逆向工程；纠错学习
【栏 目】：
课程与教学
【中文摘要】：
实验教学在中小学教育中已有广泛的应用基础，这种教学模式也被引入到日益普及的机器人教育中。但传统实验教学中存在机械性地“演示模仿”和“按图索骥”的弊端，对此，本研究尝试建构一种适用于中小学机器人教育的实验模拟型教学模式，以彰显机器人教育的核心价值。实验模拟型教学以机器人相关技术作为教学内容的主体，将机器人作为学习的对象，以掌握机器人本体知识为导向。与传统的“演示模仿型”或“按图索骥式”实验教学不同，机器人实验模拟型教学强调从既有产品出发，让学生经历把玩和摆弄、产品解构与复原、产品需求分析、设计可选方案、制作原型、测试与评价等阶段，使学生在设计和重构产品的过程中，体验科学原理与技术技巧物化为产品的实现过程，从而提高其设计能力和问题解决能力。
【英文摘要】：
Experiment teaching has been widely used in primary and secondary schools, and this teaching model has been introduced to the increasingly popular robot education. However, in traditional experiment teaching, there exist the disadvantages of mechanical "demonstration imitation" and "picture drawing". In this paper, an experiment simulation teaching model is constructed which is proper for primary and secondary schools to demonstrate the core value of robot education. This model is characterized by taking robot-related technology as main teaching content and the robot as learning object, which aims to make students grasp the knowledge of robot ontology. Different from the traditional experiment teaching model, robot experiment simulation teaching emphasizes exploring and interacting with the existing products to engage students with the following learning stages: playing, dissecting and restoring, analyzing product requirements, designing multiple solutions, prototyping, testing and assessing. During the process of designing and reconstructing the products, students understand how scientific principles and technical skills are transformed into products, and improve their design ability and problem-solving ability.