【作 者】：
姜宛彤， 王翠萍， 唐烨伟
【关 键 词 】：
系统论； 个性化学习； 模型构建； 要素
【栏 目】：
网络教育
【中文摘要】：
学习理论的发展促使教育研究关注学习者个性化学习，信息技术的发展则为个性化学习提供坚实的物质基础。然而目前从哪方面促进个性化学习，如何真正实现个性化学习依然不明确，个性化学习在教育实践中存在流于形式的问题。在系统论基本原理和基本规律指导下，采用设计与开发研究方法，构建由核心层、关键层、基础层、应用层、保障层等五层架构组成的P-N-CRPE个性化学习模型，此模型是由一个内核（学习参与者）、一个中心（学习需求）、四个基点（学习内容、学习资源、学习过程、学习评价）、十个支撑点和四个支持（国家、社会、学校、教育者）组成的开放系统，系统内部各元素相互作用和协作，共同促进个性化学习的实现。
【英文摘要】：
Owing to the development of learning theory, learners' personalized learning has been focused on, meanwhile, the development of information technology provides a solid foundation for personalized learning. However, at present, there still exist some puzzles about personalized learning in educational practice, such as how to promote personalized learning, how to realize personalized learning etc. On the guidance of system theory, this paper builds a P-N-CRPE personalized learning model with five-layer structure, namely core layer, key layer, base layer, application layer and security layer. This model is an open system which is composed of a core (participators), a center (learning needs), four basic points (learning contents, learning resources, learning process and learning evaluation), ten bearing points and four supports (country, society, school and educator）. Every element in this model interacts and cooperates with each other to facilitate personalized learning.